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What Corn Ethanol Means for U.S. Farms
According to USDA projections, corn ethanol production is expected to reach 12 billion gallons by 2016 while biodiesel refined from soybean oil will reach 700 million gallons. In order to reach these projected levels approximately one billion more bushels of corn will need to be produced, which will require some changes in farming culture and practices.
To meet corn ethanol production demands, the total U.S. planted crop area will need to expand, including an additional 92 million acres of corn acreage. In addition to bringing new land into production, changes in crop rotations and tillage and fertilizer practices will be necessary to account for the soil erosion and nutrient loading that will result from greater production, especially in the Corn Belt and Northern Plains where the area devoted to continuous corn will increase.
Increased corn ethanol production will require increased usage of all tillage types, with the exception of moldboard. Overall, mulch tillage will increase more than conventional tillage, while in the Northern Plains, no-till and conventional tillage will increase while mulch tillage decreases. In these circumstances, nitrogen fertilizer is expected to increase in every region except for the Pacific.
While the actual effects of increased ethanol production are uncertain, it is accepted that as corn ethanol continues to offer hope in the search for alternative fuel sources, it will continue to shape the future of U.S. farming.
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